نشریه تاکسونومی و بیوسیستماتیک
سال چهاردهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 51، تابستان 1401)

Carrying out scientific activities in various biological, agricultural, pharmaceutical and industrial fields in a region requires knowing and introducing the collection of plants in that region. The study of plant biodiversity in Central Zagros is important from different aspects and has been the focus of attention. In this research, the flora of a region of Eastern Kiyar including 5 villages located in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province was investigated. Plant specimens were collected and identified in two vegetative periods, and traits related to the biological form, belonging to the vegetative area, condition, and medicinal potential of the species were determined. The results showed that the flora of this area consisted of 269 species belonging to 181 genera and 48 genera. The most important families in terms of the number of species were Asteraceae (51 species), Fabaceae (24 species), Brassicaceae (23 species), and the largest families in terms of the number of genera were Asteraceae (27 genera), Brassicaceae, (17 genera), Poaceae (16 genera) and Lamiaceae (13 genera) respectively. The study of the frequency of vegetative forms by the Raunkiaer method in the flora of the region showed that 47% of the species were hemi-cryptophyte, 32% of the species were therophytes, 12% geophytes, 6% chamophytes and 2% phanerophytes. Also, 188 species (70%) belonged to the Iran-Turani vegetation zone. Among the species, 66 medicinal species and two species in critical conservation status were detected.

Mudskippers are members of the Oxudercidae family and are amphibious fishes that are able to spend long periods out of water. In the present study, Boleophthalmus dussumieri was sampled from Petroshimi and Jafari stations. In order to perform histological studies, the samples (3 males and females from each station) were anesthetized and fixed in Boyne's fixative solution in accordance with biological ethical principles. Then, tissue sectioning and H&E staining were done. Observations by light microscope showed that the epidermis consists of a corresponding epithelium consisting of three cell layers. The dermis of the skin consists of thick collagen fibers and many blood capillaries. In some areas, protrusions from the dermis enter the epidermis, which are called dermal protrusions. There was a significant difference in the thickness of the epidermis layer in males and females. It was 87.97 microns in females and 74.32 microns in males. Based on the amphibian way of life of slugs, in species that are more hydrophilic, the upper and middle parts of the body, which are often exposed to air, have smaller amounts of diffusion distance. Therefore, it can be expected that air absorption through the skin in B. dussumieri takes place more in the upper part of the body than in the lower part or appendages.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of physical factors on the diversity of species of Carabidae (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in three regions of Karaj, Eshtehard, and Taleghan, Alborz province. To this end, during 2015-2016, sampling was carried out using pitfall traps and physical factors. In this regard, the elevation, slope, direction, precipitation, temperature, soil texture, grain size of soil, and percentage of vegetation were recorded in each studied station. Based on the results, in total, 329 specimens including 38 species were identified in the three studied areas. Pearson and Spearman tests were used to investigate the relationships between the species diversity index (Shannon's Diversity Index) and the studied factors. Also, the effect of habitat physical parameters on the diversity of the species of Carabidae in the studied areas was analyzed using Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). The results of the study showed that no significant relationship between the Shannon-Wiener Index and studied parameters (P<0.05). Species diversity was affected by temperature, the three parameters of altitude, soil texture, and grain size of soil, and the four parameters of direction, slope, precipitation, and vegetation percentage in Karaj, Eshtehard, and Taleghan, respectively.

The species Acantholimon cymosum with the Persian name Gypsophil Kolah Mirhasan or Cyme Kolah Mirhasan is endemic to Iran and has a limited distribution in the gypsum soils of the west and northwest of Semnan. A sampling of soil and plants, as well as a collection of ecological data, were done in the west in order to know the adaptability of A. cymosum species. Sulfate crystals were observed in the form of idioblasts in the parenchyma of the cortex, leaves, and stems. Calcium sulfate, altitude, and soil texture factors had a positive effect, but soil salinity and Calcium carbonate factors had a negative effect on the distribution of A. cymosum.

Chelonibia testudinaria is a globally widespread epibiont barnacle. Previous phylogenetic studies have shown that specimens of this species positioned in three separate clades. One clade contains specimens of the Eastern Pacific, one clade contains specimens of the West and East Atlantic, and one clade contains specimens of the Western Pacific and Southeast Asia. In the present study, we addressed the phylogenetic position of specimens of C. testudinaria from the Persian Gulf using the mitochondrial COX1gene. The results show that specimens of the Persian Gulf cluster with specimens of Southeast Asia from Taiwan, Malaysia, Singapore as well as Japan in a supported clade. The widespread distribution of this species in the Indo-West Pacific seems to have been facilitated by sea turtles.

Allium is one of the largest genera of the family Amaryllidaceae which is approximately distributed in all parts of the world. Iran is one of the main centers of diversity of the genus Allium and 7 subgenera and 30 sections are considered from this genus for the flora of Iran. In spite of taxonomic and phylogenetic studies, there are a few nomenclature studies regarding the genus Allium. The present study is the result of the exact checking of the species Allium with the International Code of Nomenclature. It was established that Allium atroviolaceum Boiss. (1846) is an illegitimate name as a later homonym of Allium atroviolaceum Hornem. ex Steud. (1840). So, the name Allium sehat-niakii Negaresh nom nov. is proposed here as a replacement name for Allium atroviolaceum Boiss. Also, a note about the previous typifications of Allium atroviolaceum is presented. In addition, it is indicated that Allium atroviolaceum var. angustifolium Boiss. is a forgotten taxon for Iranian flora and it is treated in this study as an existing taxon with the new combination (i.e. Allium sehat-niakii var. angustifolium (Boiss.) Negaresh) for the flora of Iran.